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Iranians' Attitudes Toward Religion: A 2020 Survey Report

August 2020

religion

Full survey report including methodology

Raw Sample Count: 39981

Effective Sample Count: 1911

1. Belief in religious and supernatural concepts

Which of the following religious and supernatural concepts do you believe in?

  • 1. God 78.3%
  • 2. Life after death 37.3%
  • 3. Heaven and hell 30.1%
  • 4. Religion 27.8%
  • 5. Jinn 25.7%
  • 6. The coming of mankind’s savior 25.6%
  • 7. I don’t believe in any of these 19.6%
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2. Religious or philosophical self-identification

Which of the following is closer to your beliefs and faith?

  • 1. Shi’ite Muslim 32.2%
  • 2. None 22.2%
  • 3. Atheist 8.8%
  • 4. Zoroastrian 7.7%
  • 5. Spiritual 7.1%
  • 6. Agnostic 5.8%
  • 7. Sunni Muslim 5%
  • 8. Mystical (Sufi) 3.2%
  • 9. Humanist 2.7%
  • 10. Others 3.3%
  • 11. Christian 1.5%
  • 12. Baha’i 0.5%
  • 13. Muslim (without Shia or Sunni orientation) 0.2%
  • 14. Jewish 0.1%
  • 15. Scientism 0.1%
  • 16. Etichal 0.1%
  • 17. Yarsan 0.1%
  • 18. Budhist 0.1%
  • 19. Rationalism 0.1%
  • 20. Erfan-e-Halgheh (Interuniversal Mysticism) 0.04%
  • 21. Naturalist 0.03%
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3. Changing religious beliefs throughout life

How have your religious (or non-religious) beliefs changed during your lifetime?

  • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 46.8%
  • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 41.4%
  • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 5.9%
  • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 5.8%
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4. Changing religious beliefs throughout life

How have your religious (or non-religious) beliefs changed during your lifetime?

  • 50-year-old +
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 41.1%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 47.5%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 47.5%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 6%
  • 20- to 49-year-old
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 46%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much -%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious -%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation -%
  • 20- to 29-year old
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 51.8%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much -%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious -%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation -%
  • Urban
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 48.3%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 41.6%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 41.6%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 5.2%
  • Rural
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 41.1%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 41%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 41%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 7.9%
  • University educated
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 51%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 38.7%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 38.7%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 5.1%
  • Non-university educated
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 45.2%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 42.5%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious -%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 6%
  • Male
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 49.9%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 36.4%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 36.4%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 6.6%
  • Female
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 43.4%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 47.2%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 47.2%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 4.9%
  • Total
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious 46.8%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 41.4%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 41.4%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 5.8%
  • 30- to 49-year-old
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious -%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 40.8%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 40.8%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 6.4%
  • 20- to 29-year-old
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious -%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much 38.9%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 38.9%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation 4.7%
  • Non-university educateed
    • 1. I went from being religious to non-religious -%
    • 2. My belief/faith has not changed much -%
    • 3. I became religious after being non-religious 42.5%
    • 4. I went from one religious orientation to another religious orientation -%
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5. Frequency of prayer

How often do you perform prescribed prayers?

  • 1. I do not observe the duty to pray 59.5%
  • 2. Five times a day 27.4%
  • 3. In times of felt spiritual need 10.7%
  • 4. Once a day 1.6%
  • 5. Once a week 0.5%
  • 6. Once a month 0.3%
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6. Religious environment of upbringing

Which of the following best describes the family environment in which you were raised?

  • 1. Believes in God and religious 60.7%
  • 2. Believes in God but not religious 31.5%
  • 3. None 4.9%
  • 4. Unbelieving and not religious 1.4%
  • 5. Anti-religious 1.4%
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7. Relationship between religion and legislation

To which of the following is your view on religion and legislation the closest?

  • 1. Religious prescriptions should be excluded from law, even if the religious hold a majority 68%
  • 2. The law should always comply with religious prescriptions 14.4%
  • 3. If the religious win a democratic majority, they have the right to comply law with religion 4.2%
  • 4. I am not sufficiently informed to answer 13.4%
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8. State support for religious institutions

Which of the following comes closest to your view?

  • 1. Religious organizations should be responsible for their own finances 70.7%
  • 2. I have no opinion 16.2%
  • 3. Religious organizations of all religions should be able to receive state support 9.7%
  • 4. Only Muslim organizations should be able to receive state support 3.4%
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9. View on public proselytizing of religion

Which of the following comes closest to your view?

  • 1. Followers of all religions have the right to promote their religion/proselytize in public 40.7%
  • 2. No followers of any religions should be allowed to promote their religion/proselytize in public 42.6%
  • 3. Only Muslims have the right to promote their religion/proselytize in public 4.3%
  • 4. I have no opinion 12.5%
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10. Teaching diverse religious beliefs in school

I want my child to learn about diverse religious beliefs in school.

  • 1. Agree 53.6%
  • 2. Disagree 30%
  • 3. Neither agree nor disagree 16.4%
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11. Teaching religious teachings and duties in school

I want my child to be educated in religious teachings and duties in school.

  • 1. Agree 26.6%
  • 2. Disagree 56%
  • 3. Neither agree nor disagree 17.4%
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12. Belief in hijab

I believe in (the practice of wearing the) hijab.

  • 1. Agree 57.5%
  • 2. Disagree 22.7%
  • 3. Neither agree nor disagree 19.8%
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13. Legal obligation to wear hijab in public

The hijab should be mandatory in public.

  • 1. Agree 72.4%
  • 2. Disagree 15.1%
  • 3. Neither agree nor disagree 12.5%
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14. Alcohol consumption

آیا شما مشروبات الکلی مصرف می‌کنید؟

  • 1. No, I don’t consume alcoholic drinks 55.8%
  • 2. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks occasionally 32.1%
  • 3. No, I cannot buy alcoholic drinks 8.8%
  • 4. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks on a regular basis 3.2%
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15. Detailed Alcohol consumption

Do you consume alcoholic drinks?

  • 50-year-old +
    • 1. No, I don’t consume alcoholic drinks 68.7%
    • 2. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks occasionally 23.9%
    • 3. No, I cannot buy alcoholic drinks 6.8%
    • 4. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks on a regular basis 0.6%
  • 30- to 49-year-old
    • 1. No, I don’t consume alcoholic drinks 55.8%
    • 2. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks occasionally 32.1%
    • 3. No, I cannot buy alcoholic drinks 8.1%
    • 4. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks on a regular basis 4%
  • 20- to 29-year-old
    • 1. No, I don’t consume alcoholic drinks 48.1%
    • 2. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks occasionally 37.1%
    • 3. No, I cannot buy alcoholic drinks 11.2%
    • 4. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks on a regular basis 3.6%
  • Man
    • 1. No, I don’t consume alcoholic drinks 44.6%
    • 2. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks occasionally 40.7%
    • 3. No, I cannot buy alcoholic drinks 9.4%
    • 4. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks on a regular basis 5.4%
  • Woman
    • 1. No, I don’t consume alcoholic drinks 68.5%
    • 2. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks occasionally 22.5%
    • 3. No, I cannot buy alcoholic drinks 8.2%
    • 4. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks on a regular basis 0.8%
  • Total
    • 1. No, I don’t consume alcoholic drinks 55.8%
    • 2. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks occasionally 32.1%
    • 3. No, I cannot buy alcoholic drinks 8.8%
    • 4. Yes, I consume alcoholic drinks on a regular basis 3.2%
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16. Gender

What is your gender?

  • 1. Female 47%
  • 2. Male 53%
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17. Age groups of respondents

What is your age catagory?

  • 1. Between 20 and 29 years old 30.4%
  • 2. Between 30 and 49 years old 51.4%
  • 3. At least 50 years old 18.2%
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18. Employment status

Are you employed or unemployed?

  • Total population
    • 1. Employed 45.1%
    • 2. Unemployed 54.9%
  • Population in urban areas
    • 1. Employed 47.3%
    • 2. Unemployed 52.7%
  • Population in rural areas
    • 1. Employed 36.6%
    • 2. Unemployed 63.4%
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19. Education level

What is your highest level of education?

  • 1. Non-university educated 72%
  • 2. University educated 28%
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20. Geographical distribution of respondents

Do you live in an urban or rural area?

  • 1. Rural 20.4%
  • 2. Urban 79.6%
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21. Province of residence of respondents

In which province do you live?

  • 1. East Azerbaijan 4.8%
  • 2. West Azerbaijan 3.6%
  • 3. Ardabil 1.5%
  • 4. Isfahan 6.9%
  • 5. Alborz 3.8%
  • 6. Ilam 0.7%
  • 7. Bushehr 1.5%
  • 8. Tehran 19.1%
  • 9. Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari 1.1%
  • 10. South Khorasan 0.9%
  • 11. Razavi Khorasan 7.8%
  • 12. North Khorasan 0.9%
  • 13. Khuzestan 5.4%
  • 14. Zanjan 1.3%
  • 15. Semnan 1%
  • 16. Sistan and Baluchistan 2.1%
  • 17. Fars 6.3%
  • 18. Ghazvin 1.6%
  • 19. Qom 1.6%
  • 20. Kurdistan 1.8%
  • 21. Kerman 3.6%
  • 22. Kermanshah 2.4%
  • 23. Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad 0.8%
  • 24. Golestan 2.2%
  • 25. Gilan 3.5%
  • 26. Lorestan 2%
  • 27. Mazandaran 4.5%
  • 28. Markazi 1.8%
  • 29. Hormozgan 2%
  • 30. Hamadan 2.1%
  • 31. Yazd 1.4%
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22. Vote in the 2017 presidential election

Who did you vote for in the 2017 presidential elections?

  • 1. Hassan Rouhani (+ Hashemitaba) 44.5%
  • 2. Ebrahim Raisi (+ Mir-Salim) 26.2%
  • 3. I did not vote (+ blank vote) 29.3%
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