GAMAAN | The Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in IRAN GAMAAN
|
فارسی

Iranians' Attitudes Toward the 12-Day War

November 2025

12-Day War

Full survey report including methodology

Raw Sample Count: 30372

Effective Sample Count: 6527

1. Responsibility in the 12-Day War

In your opinion, which side was more responsible for starting the
12-day war?

  • 1. The Islamic Republic of Iran 43.6%
  • 2. Israel 32.8%
  • 3. Both equally 16.3%
  • 4. I don’t know / No opinion 7.2%
Show Details
2. Success in the 12 Day-War

Which side do you think achieved its goals more in the 12-day war?

  • 1. Israel 51.4%
  • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 16.3%
  • 3. Neither / Both failed 18.9%
  • 4. No opinion 13.4%
Show Details
3. Success in the 12-Day War (Detailed)

Which side do you think achieved its goals more in the 12-day war?

  • Total
    • 1. Israel 51.4%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 16.3%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 18.9%
    • 4. No opinion 13.4%
  • Female
    • 1. Israel 45.8%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 17.0%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 21.0%
    • 4. No opinion 16.1%
  • Male
    • 1. Israel 56.6%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 15.6%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 17.0%
    • 4. No opinion 10.8%
  • 15- to 29-year-old
    • 1. Israel 47.6%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 17.3%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 23.1%
    • 4. No opinion 12.0%
  • 30- to 49-year-old
    • 1. Israel 53.8%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 15.1%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 16.6%
    • 4. No opinion 14.5%
  • 50-year-old+
    • 1. Israel 51.1%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 17.6%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 18.7%
    • 4. No opinion 12.6%
  • Non-university educated
    • 1. Israel 51.4%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 16.2%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 18.3%
    • 4. No opinion 14.0%
  • University educated
    • 1. Israel 51.4%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 16.5%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 20.7%
    • 4. No opinion 11.4%
  • Rural
    • 1. Israel 46.7%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 20.2%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 16.2%
    • 4. No opinion 16.8%
  • Urban
    • 1. Israel 52.6%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 15.3%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 19.6%
    • 4. No opinion 12.5%
  • Regime-change supporters
    • 1. Israel 78.8%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 2.6%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 12.8%
    • 4. No opinion 5.8%
  • Transition supporters
    • 1. Israel 60.0%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 6.5%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 24.2%
    • 4. No opinion 9.3%
  • Reformists
    • 1. Israel 15.7%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 34.5%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 30.5%
    • 4. No opinion 19.3%
  • Principlists
    • 1. Israel 4.9%
    • 2. The Islamic Republic of Iran 66.2%
    • 3. Neither / Both failed 9.6%
    • 4. No opinion 19.3%
Show Details
4. Emotions Experienced During the 12-Day War

Which of the following emotions did you experience during the 12-day war?

  • 1. Anger at the Islamic Republic 41.7%
  • 2. Worry about the future 37.5%
  • 3. Anger at Israel 29.9%
  • 4. Hope for the future 26.8%
  • 5. Fear of death or losing loved ones 21%
  • 6. Grief and mourning for those lost in the war 17%
  • 7. Feeling displaced or forced to move 12%
  • 8. Feeling helpless or powerless 10.6%
  • 9. Indifferent 8%
  • 10. Other emotions 7.7%
Show Details
5. Emotional Impact of the 12-Day War Events

Which of the following deeply upset you during the 12-day war?

  • 1. Civilian casualties in Iran 73.2%
  • 2. Direct attacks on Iranian territory 45.9%
  • 3. Killing of nuclear scientists 29.6%
  • 4. Attack on Evin Prison 26.6%
  • 5. Destruction of nuclear facilities 21.8%
  • 6. Killing of military commanders 20.4%
  • 7. Attack on the state broadcaster (IRIB) 14.8%
Show Details
6. Emotional Impact of the 12-Day War Events (Detailed)

Which of the following deeply upset you during the 12-day war?

  • Total
    • 1. Civilian casualties 73.2%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 20.4%
  • Female
    • 1. Civilian casualties 72.8%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 21.8%
  • Male
    • 1. Civilian casualties 73.6%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 19.0%
  • 15- to 29-year-old
    • 1. Civilian casualties 78.3%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 21.4%
  • 30- to 49-year-old
    • 1. Civilian casualties 72.2%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 19.1%
  • 50-year-old+
    • 1. Civilian casualties 69.4%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 21.8%
  • Non-university educated
    • 1. Civilian casualties 71.6%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 20.4%
  • University educated
    • 1. Civilian casualties 77.9%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 20.4%
  • Rural
    • 1. Civilian casualties 67.1%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 24.7%
  • Urban
    • 1. Civilian casualties 74.8%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 19.3%
  • Regime-change supporters
    • 1. Civilian casualties 81.1%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 1.4%
  • Transition supporters
    • 1. Civilian casualties 75.5%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 8.9%
  • Reformists
    • 1. Civilian casualties 68.8%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 47.8%
  • Principlists
    • 1. Civilian casualties 60.3%
    • 2. Killing of military commanders 71.8%
Show Details
7. Attitudes on the Nature and Management of the 12-Day War

What is your opinion about each of these statements?

  • The 12-day war was a war between Israel and the Islamic Republic, not the Iranian people
    • 1. Strongly agree 51.5%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 11.6%
    • 3. No opinion 6.5%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 6.0%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 24.4%
  • The 12-day war was a national and patriotic war
    • 1. Strongly agree 24.1%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 8.6%
    • 3. No opinion 15.7%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 6.2%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 45.5%
  • The Islamic Republic was able to defend the people against Israel’s attacks
    • 1. Strongly agree 18.1%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 15.4%
    • 3. No opinion 8.3%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 7.2%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 51.0%
  • Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic, performed well during the 12-day war
    • 1. Strongly agree 20.7%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 6.5%
    • 3. No opinion 15.1%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 4.1%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 53.6%
  • Trump’s intervention played a key role in ending the 12-day war and bringing about a ceasefire
    • 1. Strongly agree 37.9%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 23.9%
    • 3. No opinion 15.8%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 6.6%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 15.8%
Show Details
8. Attitudes on Foreign and Military Policies Related to the War

What is your opinion about each of these statements?

  • The Islamic Republic should stop calling for the destruction of Israel
    • 1. Strongly agree 60.2%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 9.0%
    • 3. No opinion 10.7%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 3.1%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 17.0%
  • The Islamic Republic should negotiate directly with the United States to resolve its disputes
    • 1. Strongly agree 49.1%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 12.7%
    • 3. No opinion 16.6%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 4.1%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 17.5%
  • To prevent another war, the Islamic Republic should stop enriching uranium
    • 1. Strongly agree 36.4%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 10.5%
    • 3. No opinion 17.6%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 6.5%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 29.0%
  • Iran’s missile program has increased the country’s security
    • 1. Strongly agree 31.7%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 14.7%
    • 3. No opinion 10.8%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 7.1%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 35.7%
  • Iran should build nuclear weapons
    • 1. Strongly agree 26.4%
    • 2. Somewhat agree 10.0%
    • 3. No opinion 14.5%
    • 4. Somewhat disagree 6.6%
    • 5. Strongly disagree 42.5%
Show Details
9. Iran should build nuclear weapons (Detailed)

Iran should build nuclear weapons

  • Total
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 36.4%
    • 2. No opinion 14.5%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 49.1%
  • Female
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 36.0%
    • 2. No opinion 15.2%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 48.8%
  • Male
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 36.8%
    • 2. No opinion 13.8%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 49.4%
  • 15- to 29-year-old
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 42.9%
    • 2. No opinion 13.9%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 43.2%
  • 30- to 49-year-old
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 35.0%
    • 2. No opinion 15.1%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 49.9%
  • 50-year-old+
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 31.5%
    • 2. No opinion 14.0%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 54.6%
  • Non-university educated
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 37.1%
    • 2. No opinion 14.6%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 48.3%
  • University educated
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 34.4%
    • 2. No opinion 14.1%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 51.5%
  • Rural
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 41.9%
    • 2. No opinion 17.3%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 40.8%
  • Urban
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 35.0%
    • 2. No opinion 13.8%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 51.2%
  • Regime-change supporters
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 13.1%
    • 2. No opinion 12.8%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 74.2%
  • Transition supporters
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 28.7%
    • 2. No opinion 14.3%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 57.0%
  • Reformists
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 73.8%
    • 2. No opinion 9.1%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 17.1%
  • Principlists
    • 1. (strongly or somewhat) Agree 86.7%
    • 2. No opinion 8.3%
    • 3. (strongly or somewhat) Disagree 5.0%
Show Details
10. Impact of the 12-Day War on Household Economics

How much did the [12-day] war affect your household’s economic situation?

  • 1. Very much 29.6%
  • 2. Somewhat 26.5%
  • 3. A little 22%
  • 4. Not at all 17%
  • 5. I don't know 4.9%
Show Details
11. Concern About Recurrence of the 12-Day War

In your opinion, how likely is it that a war similar to the 12-day war will happen in the coming weeks or months?

  • 1. Very likely 34.2%
  • 2. Somewhat likely 26%
  • 3. Unlikely 13.8%
  • 4. Very unlikely 8.2%
  • 5. I don't know 18%
Show Details
12. Sources of Information About the 12-Day War

During the war, which media did you use most to get news?

  • 1. Social media (Telegram, Instagram, X) 51.3%
  • 2. Iran International TV channel 43%
  • 3. Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) 27.4%
  • 4. BBC Persian TV channel 8.7%
  • 5. I didn’t follow the war news 6.9%
  • 6. Other media 6%
Show Details
13. The Water and Electricity Supply Crisis

In your opinion, which factor has played the greatest role in the recent water and electricity supply crisis?

  • 1. Domestic mismanagement and inefficiency 75.3%
  • 2. Natural factors (drought, increased consumption, etc.) 13.9%
  • 3. Foreign / international sanctions 3.6%
  • 4. The 12-day war with Israel 1%
  • 5. Other factors 6.2%
Show Details
14. Return of International Sanctions

If European countries trigger the snapback mechanism and reimpose international sanctions, how concerned are you about its impact on your daily life and economic situation?

  • 1. Very concerned 56.2%
  • 2. Somewhat concerned 18.9%
  • 3. Not very concerned 10%
  • 4. Not at all concerned 10.5%
  • 5. I don’t know 4.4%
Show Details
15. General Attitudes Toward Countries

Overall, what is your view of each of the following countries?

  • The United States
    • 1. Very favorable 25.3%
    • 2. Somewhat favorable 27.4%
    • 3. Somewhat unfavorable 11.5%
    • 4. Very unfavorable 25.0%
    • 5. No opinion 10.8%
  • Israel
    • 1. Very favorable 21.8%
    • 2. Somewhat favorable 16.9%
    • 3. Somewhat unfavorable 9.7%
    • 4. Very unfavorable 38.2%
    • 5. No opinion 13.5%
  • The European Union
    • 1. Very favorable 12.1%
    • 2. Somewhat favorable 26.1%
    • 3. Somewhat unfavorable 20.4%
    • 4. Very unfavorable 25.1%
    • 5. No opinion 16.3%
  • Saudi Arabia
    • 1. Very favorable 8.5%
    • 2. Somewhat favorable 21.7%
    • 3. Somewhat unfavorable 23.2%
    • 4. Very unfavorable 26.1%
    • 5. No opinion 20.5%
  • China
    • 1. Very favorable 9.2%
    • 2. Somewhat favorable 21.2%
    • 3. Somewhat unfavorable 17.0%
    • 4. Very unfavorable 40.5%
    • 5. No opinion 12.1%
  • Turkey
    • 1. Very favorable 5.7%
    • 2. Somewhat favorable 21.3%
    • 3. Somewhat unfavorable 26.6%
    • 4. Very unfavorable 26.3%
    • 5. No opinion 20.1%
  • Russia
    • 1. Very favorable 5.1%
    • 2. Somewhat favorable 15.1%
    • 3. Somewhat unfavorable 15.2%
    • 4. Very unfavorable 53.2%
    • 5. No opinion 11.5%
  • The United Kingdom (England)
    • 1. Very favorable 6.6%
    • 2. Somewhat favorable 12.9%
    • 3. Somewhat unfavorable 20.5%
    • 4. Very unfavorable 44.8%
    • 5. No opinion 15.3%
Show Details
16. Israel’s Military Actions in Gaza

Many of Israel’s military actions in Gaza could be considered war crimes

  • 1. Strongly agree 43.4%
  • 2. Somewhat agree 14.1%
  • 3. Somewhat disagree 6.2%
  • 4. Strongly disagree 17.5%
  • 5. No opinion 18.8%
Show Details
17. Political orientations of respondents

Which option comes closest to your political orientation?

  • 1. Proponent of regime change as a precondition for change 41.3%
  • 2. Proponent of structural transformation and transition from the IR 21.2%
  • 3. Proponent of gradual reform within the framework of the IR 12.5%
  • 4. Proponent of the Islamic Revolution's principles and the Supreme Leade 11.8%
  • 5. None of them 13.2%
Show Details
18. Percieved Methods for Bringing Change in the Country

Which action do you find more effective in creating change in the country's conditions?

  • 1. Civil protests (e.g. gatherings, strikes, or street demonstrations) 31.4%
  • 2. Foreign pressure and intervention 18.4%
  • 3. Participation in elections (e.g. parliamentary or presidential elections) 14.4%
  • 4. Violent struggles 5.5%
  • 5. None of these 13.2%
  • 6. No opinion 17.1%
Show Details
19. Gender

What is your gender?

  • 1. Female 47.8%
  • 2. Male 52.2%
Show Details
20. Geographical distribution of respondents

Do you live in an urban or rural area?

  • 1. Rural 20.3%
  • 2. Urban 79.7%
Show Details
21. Age groups of respondents

What is your age catagory?

  • 1. Between 15 and 29 years old 28.4%
  • 2. Between 30 and 49 years old 48.2%
  • 3. At least 50 years old 23.4%
Show Details
22. Education level

What is your highest level of education?

  • 1. Non-university educated 74.4%
  • 2. University educated 25.6%
Show Details
23. Province of residence of respondents

In what province do you live?

  • 1. East Azerbaijan 4.8%
  • 2. West Azerbaijan 3.7%
  • 3. Ardabil 1.4%
  • 4. Isfahan 6.8%
  • 5. Alborz 3.8%
  • 6. Ilam 0.7%
  • 7. Bushehr 1.4%
  • 8. Tehran 18.5%
  • 9. Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari 1.1%
  • 10. South Khorasan 0.9%
  • 11. Razavi Khorasan 8%
  • 12. North Khorasan 0.9%
  • 13. Khuzestan 5.6%
  • 14. Zanjan 1.3%
  • 15. Semnan 1%
  • 16. Sistan and Baluchistan 2.6%
  • 17. Fars 6.2%
  • 18. Ghazvin 1.6%
  • 19. Qom 1.6%
  • 20. Kurdistan 1.8%
  • 21. Kermanshah 3.9%
  • 22. Kerman 2.3%
  • 23. Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad 0.8%
  • 24. Golestan 2.2%
  • 25. Gilan 3.4%
  • 26. Lorestan 2%
  • 27. Mazandaran 4.4%
  • 28. Markazi 1.8%
  • 29. Hormozgan 2.1%
  • 30. Hamadan 2%
  • 31. Yazd 1.5%
Show Details
24. Employment status

Are you employed or unemployed?

  • Total population
    • 1. Employed 40.7%
    • 2. Unemployed 59.3%
  • Population in urban areas
    • 1. Employed 40.6%
    • 2. Unemployed 59.4%
  • Population in rural areas
    • 1. Employed 41.1%
    • 2. Unemployed 58.9%
Show Details
25. Distribution of household income levels among respondents

What is your household’s total monthly income range?

  • 1. First three lower deciles 27.8%
  • 2. Middle three deciles 49.4%
  • 3. Upper four deciles 23.1%
Show Details
26. Language spoken at home

What language do you normally speak at home?

  • 1. Persian 68.4%
  • 2. Azerbaijani/Turkic 11.6%
  • 3. Kurdish 5%
  • 4. Luri/Bakhtiari 4.5%
  • 5. Baluchi 1.4%
  • 6. Gilaki 1.5%
  • 7. Mazandarani 0.8%
  • 8. Arabic 1.3%
  • 9. Laki 1%
  • 10. Qashqai 0.5%
  • 11. Turkmeni 0.4%
  • 12. Dari (Afghan Persian) 0.2%
  • 13. Tati 0.2%
  • 14. Lari/Achomi 0.4%
  • 15. Armeni 0.1%
  • 16. Other 2.6%
Show Details
27. Type of health care insurance of respondents

Which health care insurance do you currently have?

  • 1. Social Security Organization 47.9%
  • 2. Iran Health Insurance Organization 8.1%
  • 3. Salamat 12.2%
  • 4. Roostaa 6.5%
  • 5. Armed Forces Insurance 3.2%
  • 6. Other insurance 2.4%
  • 7. I am not insured 19.6%
Show Details
28. Important aspects in life

For each of the following aspects, indicate how important it is in your life.

  • Family
    • 1. Very important 90.3%
    • 2. Rather important 6.4%
    • 3. Not very important 1.4%
    • 4. Not all important 0.9%
    • 5. Do not know 1.0%
  • Friends
    • 1. Very important 33.8%
    • 2. Rather important 45.7%
    • 3. Not very important 13.6%
    • 4. Not all important 4.8%
    • 5. Do not know 2.0%
  • Work
    • 1. Very important 77.2%
    • 2. Rather important 14.0%
    • 3. Not very important 3.3%
    • 4. Not all important 2.1%
    • 5. Do not know 3.3%
  • Religion
    • 1. Very important 27.3%
    • 2. Rather important 16.4%
    • 3. Not very important 14.8%
    • 4. Not all important 37.8%
    • 5. Do not know 3.7%
Show Details